I. Umsebenzi oyisisekelo weAma-solenoid valves
I-Solenoid valve, njengengxenye ebalulekile ye-Electro - ukuguqulwa kwe-pneumatic, amahlombe okuguqula kahle amasiginali kagesi abe amasiginali we-pneumatic. Ngemuva kokuthola imiyalo yokulawula, i-solenoid valve ingakhululwa ngokuqondile, yima noma ishintshe ukugeleza komoya okucindezelwe, lapho ufinyelela imisebenzi eminingi, okubandakanya ukulawulwa kokulawulwa kwesenzo kwengxenye ye-pneumatic actuator, on / off switch switch control control, kanye / hhayi / Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-solenoid valves, i-electromagnetic control contreal contreal contreal control valve ibamba isikhundla esiyisisekelo futhi idlala indima ebalulekile.
II. Umgomo Wokusebenza Kokulawulwa Kwe-Electromagnetic Ukulawula Ukulawulwa Kwe-Electromagnetic
Ezinhlelweni ze-pneumatic, i-electromagnetic control contreal contreal contreal control valve idlala indima ebalulekile. Inesibopho sokulawula ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwesiteshi sokugeleza komoya noma ukuguqula indlela yokugeleza yomoya ocindezelwe. Umgomo wayo osebenza ngokwesisekelo uthembela kumandla we-electromagnetic akhiqizwe yi-electromagnetic coil. Lo mkhosi uzoshayela umnyombo we-valve ukushintsha, ngaleyo ndlela uzuze inhloso yokubuyisela emuva i-airflow. Ngokwezindlela ezahlukahlukene lapho ingxenye yokulawula i-electromagnetic lapho i-valve yokulawula eqondayo, ama-valves alawulwa ngokuqondile we-electromagnetic angahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: ziqondise - ukusebenza. Direct - ama-soliting solenoid valves asebenzisa ngokuqondile amandla e-electromagnetic ukushayela isisekelo se-valve ukuze ahlehlise ukuqondiswa kwe-airpot air valve ekhishwe yi-valve umnyombo wokushayela ubuyise.
Umdwebo 1 ukhombisa isiphambano esilula - (3 - isikhundla se-solenoid valve Lapho ikhoyili inamandla, i-static iron core izokhiqiza amandla we-electromagnetic, futhi leli Force lizocindezela umnyombo we-valve ukuze aqhubekele phezulu. Njengomgogodla we-valve, i-gasket iphakanyiswa, ngaleyo ndlela ixhumeke amachweba 1 no-2 ngenkathi ixhuma amachweba 2 no-3. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-valve isesimweni sokudla futhi ingalawula ukunyakaza kwesilinda. Lapho amandla esekiwe, umnyombo we-valve uzothembela kumandla wokubuyisela emuva entwasahlobo ukuze abuyele esimweni sawo sokuqala, okungukuthi, amachweba 1 no-2 axhunyiwe ngenkathi amachweba 2 no-3 axhunyiwe. Ngale ndlela, i-valve isesimweni sokuphela.
Umdwebo 2 ukhombisa isiphambano esilula - (5 - isikhundla se-solenoid valve (uhlobo olujwayelekile) kanye nomgomo wawo osebenzayo. Esimweni sokuqala, ukungena komoya kwenzeka ngamachweba 1 no-2, ngenkathi kwenziwa ugesi ngamachweba 4 no-5. Lapho ikhoyili inamandla, i-Static Iron Core ikhiqiza amandla we-electromagnetic. Lo mkhosi uzoshayela i-valve yokushayela ukuze asebenze, bese umoya ocindezelwe uzongena kwi-pistot piston ye-valve ngendlela yomoya, okwenza i-piston iqale. Maphakathi ne-piston, indawo eyindilinga yokubekwa uphawu ivule isiteshi. Ngalesi sikhathi, umoya uthatha kusuka emachwebeni 1 no-4, ngenkathi umoya ukhishwa usuka emachwebeni 2 no-3. Lapho amandla esewa, i-Pilot Valve izoncika emandleni okubuyisa intwasahlobo ukuze ibuyele esimweni sayo sokuqala.
Okulandelayo, ake sixoxe ngokusebenza kwe-solenoid valve. Umsebenzi we-valve ye-elektromagnetic umelwe yizinombolo ezimbili: m no-n, obizwa ngokuthi yi-PHAT M {- isikhundla se-electromagnetic valve. Phakathi kwazo, "Isikhundla" simele isikhundla sokushintsha kwe-valve yokulawula okuqondayo, okungukuthi, isimo se-valve. Inani lezikhundla ze-valve inani le-N. Isibonelo, i-valve yesikhundla ezimbili inezinketho ezimbili zesikhundla, okungukuthi, inezifundazwe ezimbili. I-valve yesikhundla emithathu - i-valve yesikhundla inezinketho ezintathu zesikhundla, okungukuthi, kunezifundazwe ezintathu ezahlukene. I- "M Path" ikhombisa inani lezindawo zangaphandle ze-valve, kufaka phakathi indawo yokungena emoyeni, ukuphuma komoya kanye nechweba lokuqeda amandla. Inani lezindla lezindlela zenani likaM.
Thatha i-valve kusibalo 1 njengesibonelo. Kuyi-3/2 eqondile - i-solenoid valve ye-solenoid, okungukuthi, i-valve inezikhundla ezimbili, okungukuthi "ku" kanye "nokucisha". Ngasikhathi sinye, inamachweba amathathu womoya: 1 yindawo yokungena emoyeni, 2 yindawo yokuphuma komoya, futhi 3 yichweba lokuqeda amandla.
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-solenoid valve airway
Ngasekupheleni kwesobunxele komdwebo wendlela kagesi, uphawu ngakwesobunxele olukude luvame ukumelela entwasahlobo engezansi. Ingxenye ephakathi ngumzimba we-valve, equkethe imininingwane ebalulekile yokuthola uhlobo lwe-solenoid valve. Isibonelo, amabhokisi amabili asemfanekisweni akhombisa ukuthi le yi-solenoid valve yesibili, kuyilapho i-A / B / R / P / s imele izikhundla zomzimba womzimba we-valve, okungukuthi, i-valve enhlanu-. Ngakho-ke, le valve ye-solenoid iyisikhundla ezimbili - isikhundla esihlanu -. Ngokufanayo, singanquma inani lama-bits kanye nenombolo yokudlula kwe-solenoid valve ngenombolo yezimbobo nenani lamabhokisi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umdwebo we-PAS Path ukhombisa nemizila yokusebenza kwegesi lapho amandla evaliwe futhi lapho amandla evulekile. Lapho amandla enqunywa, indlela yomoya ingena ngomgodi P, isebenza ku-actuator ngokusebenzisa umgodi a, bese idlula emgodini B, bese idlula ikhishwe emgodini s, ngenkathi umgodi r uhlala uvaliwe. Lapho kuvela amandla, indlela yomoya ingena futhi isuka emgodini P, kepha ngalesi sikhathi, umoya ukhishwa emgodini we-hole b, usebenza ku-actuator bese udlula emgodini a, bese ekugcineni ukhishwe emgodini r, kanti ekugcineni uvaliwe emgodini r, kanti ekugcineni uvaliwe.
Ingxenye efanelekile yesithombe 3 ngokuvamile imele amakhoyili noma izindiza ama-valves amancane, adlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwama-solenoid valves. Ngokuhumusha le midwebo ye-airway, singathola ukuqonda okujulile komgomo osebenzayo we-solenoid valve kanye nokusebenza kwendiza ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukile.
Umdwebo 4 ukhombisa umdwebo kagesi we-schematic we-pneumatic solenoid valve. Umdwebo we-schemical schematical uyisihluthulelo sokuqonda umthetho osebenzayo we-valve ye-electromagnetic. Kubonisa kahle ikhoyili, oxhumana nabo, kanye nobudlelwano bokuxhuma nezinye izinto zikagesi. Ngokubona umdwebo kagesi we-schematic, singathola ukuqonda okujulile kwezinguquko zikagesi ze-solenoid valve lapho zinikwa amandla futhi zivaliwe, ngaleyo ndlela zibambe izici zayo ezisebenzayo.
IV. Ukukhetha okukodwa - ukulawula ama-solenoid ama-solenoid kanye - ukulawula ama-solenoid valve
I-valve ye-solenoid eyodwa ye-solenoid eyodwa ye-solenoid, njengoba igama laso libonisa, ifakwe ikhoyili eyodwa kuphela. Lapho isebenza ngamandla, izoshintsha bese ifaka esinye isimo. Lapho amandla esewa, izobuyela ngokuzenzakalelayo esimweni sokuqala. Lo mgomo osebenzayo ukhonjiswa kuMdwebo 5. Ngokuphambene, i-Double Electro - i-solenoid valve elawulwa ngamakhoyili amabili. Ngokulawula izizwe ezinamandla zamakhoyili ahlukene, zingafinyelela ukushintshwa okuningi futhi zigcine izwe langaphambili ngemuva kwamandla -
Imidwebo 5 no-6 ikhombisa imigomo esebenzayo ye-single - control valves ye-solenoid kanye nama-- ukulawula ama-solenoid valve. Lapho wenza ukukhetha, uma isikhathi sokubuyisela emuva kwe-valve sifushane, i-valve yokulawula ye-solenoid yanele ukuyiphatha. Kodwa-ke, uma isikhathi sokuhambisa isikhathi eside, ikhoyili idinga ukuqhubeka inikwe amandla, okungenza ukuthi i-coil ifudumale ngenxa yamandla aphelile - ivuliwe futhi ishise. Ukugwema lesi simo, i-rouble - ingakhethwa i-valve yokulawula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma umsebenzi wokusetha kabusha udinga ukutholwa ngemuva kokwehluleka kwamandla, i-valve eyodwa elawulwa kagesi efanelekile ilungele kakhulu. Uma kudingeka ukugcina isimo samanje ngemuva kokwehluleka kwamandla, i-control - i-solitve ye-solenoid valve efanelekile.
V. Umehluko kanye nokwehlukana okuphakathi kwezindiza - ama-solenoid valves asebenza futhi aqonde - ama-solenoid valve
Phakathi kwezinhlobo zama-solenoid valves, umshayeli wendiza - esebenza futhi aqondise - Izinhlobo ezimbili ezivamile. Ziyahlukahluka ngezimiso ezisebenzayo kanye nezimo zohlelo lokusebenza. I-Pilot - i-solenoid valves esebenza phakathi kwegesi noketshezi ngezimbobo zezindiza, ngenkathi uqondile Lo mehluko wenza izinhlobo ezimbili ze-solenoid valves ngayinye zinezinzuzo zazo lapho ziphendula izidingo ezahlukahlukene zezimboni. Isibonelo, kwezinye izimo ezidinga ukuphendula ngokushesha kanye nokuzwela okuphezulu, ama-valves aqondile - angafaneleka kakhulu. Ezimweni lapho kutholakala khona ukulawula okuhle kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, ama-pleot - angaba nomkhawulo.
Idizayini yokwakheka kwe-Direct - Ama-soliting Solenoid valves alula. Umgomo wabo wokusebenza uncike kakhulu kumandla we-electromagnetic ukuze aqhube ngokuqondile umnyombo we-valve ukuze athathe isinyathelo. Kodwa-ke, lo mklamo ubuye ube namaphutha amabili amakhulu. Okokuqala, ngenxa yesidingo esikhulu samandla e-electromagnetic, ivolumu ye-electromagnet coil inyuka ngokufanele, okuholela ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla okuphezulu. Okwesibili, eqondile - ama-soliting solenoid valves azwela kakhulu ekucindezelweni. Lapho ingcindezi idlula umkhawulo othile (imvamisa ngaphezulu kwe-0.7MPA), amaningi aqondile - angeke asebenze ama-solenoid valves awakwazi ukusebenza kahle. Lokhu kungenxa yengcindezi ephezulu ngokweqile esebenza ngokuyisisekelo se-valve, okwenza kube nzima kumandla we-electromagnetic ukushayela umnyombo we-valve ukuze asebenze. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, uqonde - ama-soliting solenoid valves nawo anezinzuzo zawo: isakhiwo esilula, inani elingabizi kanye nezinga eliphansi lokuhluleka.
2. I-Pilot - i-solenoid valve esebenzayo yakhelwe ngobuhlakani. Ishiya amandla wendabuko we-electromagnetic force futhi esikhundleni salokho isebenzisa ingcindezi yomoya ukushayela umnyombo we-valve ukwenza. Okwe-solenoid valves ene-maximage edlula i-4mm edlula i-4mm, imvamisa ihlanganiswa ne-pleot valve ne-valve eyinhloko. Ngemuva kokuthi i-solenoid valve inikwe amandla, i-valve yokushayela izovula futhi ilawula ukuvulwa kwe-valve enkulu ngokusebenzisana kwayo okuphumayo. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi i-valve eyinhloko empeleni iyi-valve yokulawula i-pneumatic, futhi ukusebenza kwawo kudinga isenzo esihlanganisiwe semithombo emibili yomoya: enye ingumthombo we-valve womoya, kanti enye ingumthombo womoya we-pleve valve.
Uma umthombo womoya omkhulu uhlinzeka ngomoya eValve ye-Pilot ngendiza yangaphakathi ye-solenoid valve, lo mklamo ubizwa ngokuthi uhlobo lokushayela lwangaphakathi. Uma i-valve yokushayela ihlinzekwa igesi kusuka kumthombo ozimele emthonjeni wegesi oyinhloko, ibizwa ngokuthi uhlobo lomshayeli wangaphandle. Kumfanekiso 8, uhlangothi lwesobunxele lukhombisa isibonelo se-pilot yangaphandle - i-solenoid valve esebenzayo, kuyilapho uhlangothi lwesokunene lubonisa isibonelo se-pleot yangaphakathi ye-- i-solenoid valve yangaphakathi.
Ukuqhathanisa okungokomzimba phakathi kokuhola kwangaphakathi kanye nokuhola kwangaphandle kukhonjiswa kulokhu okulandelayo.
Lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zama-solenoid valves, okungukuthi umshayeli wangaphakathi nomshayeli wangaphandle, uvame ukuhlangana naye ohlelweni olufanayo. Imvamisa, umshayeli wangaphakathi angahlangabezana nezidingo eziningi. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo ezithile, ubuholi bangaphandle buyadingeka ngokwengeziwe. Isibonelo, lapho umngcele womthombo wegesi we-valve eyinhloko uguquguquka futhi ungahle wehla ngaphansi kwe-0.2MPA, noma uma kusendaweni ye-valve valve awukwazi ukwabiwa nalokho kwe-valve eyinhloko, ngaphandle kwalokho kungahle kuholele kwi-valve enkulu engakwazi ukuvula. Okwamanje, umthombo womoya ozimele onengcindezi edlula i-0.2MPA edlula i-0.2MPA iyadingeka ukuze inikeze i-Valve ye-Pilot. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho umehluko wengcindezi phakathi komoya nokuphuma kubalulekile, noma lapho ingcindezi enkulu yomoya idlula i-1MPA, umshayeli wangaphakathi angadinga ukwandisa ivolumu ehlelekile ngokulayisha ngokuqondile ingcindezi yomoya e-valve. Umshayeli wangaphandle uxazulula inkinga ngokungenisa ngokuqondile isiteshi esisodwa segesi ethekwini lokushayela ngaphandle kwesidingo sokufaka i-valve ye-electromagnetic; kuphela ipayipi lendiza okudingeka kwengezwe.
Ekuphetheni, Pilot - ama-solenoid valves asebenzayo anezinzuzo zamakhanda amancane we-electromagnetic kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi. Kujabulisa futhi kusindisa isikhala sokufaka. Okwamanje, kwakha ukushisa okuncane futhi kunomphumela omangalisayo -}. Okubaluleke kakhulu, ngenxa yesizukulwane esiphansi sokushisa, ikhoyili mancane amathuba okuthi ishise futhi inganikwa amandla isikhathi eside. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezisebenzayo. Isibonelo, amandla ama-valves athile we-solenoid asuka ku-SMC ancishisiwe aze afike ngo-0.1w, okwenza amandla okuqhubeka kwamandla ngaphandle kokushisa ngokweqile. Uhla lwamandla aqondile Ngaphezu kwalokho, amandla ajwayelekile - on incepha ubungozi bokushiswa. Ngakho-ke, ezimweni lapho kutholakala khona amandla okusebenza kwezikhathi ezinde noma kumafrikhwensi aphezulu, ama-Pilot - abe yi-solenoid valves esebenzayo eba ukukhetha okukhethiwe. Eqinisweni, iningi lama-solenoid valves asetshenziswa kakhulu kulezi zinsuku amukele umshayeli we-pilot -. Phakathi kwama-valves we-solenoid avumela kuphela uketshezi lokudlula, abasebenza ngokuqondile basalandisa ngengxenye ethile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi iqiniso lokuthi ukungcola koketshezi kungavala iziteshi ezincanyana ze-Pilot Valve.
Okulandelayo, sizokwelulwa ezinhlotsheni ezintathu ze-Three - Izindawo ezinhlanu ze-Selve {- Lolu hlobo lwe-solenoid valve lusebenzisa amakhoyili kagesi aphindwe kabili. Lapho ama-elektromagnets amabili anamandla anamandla, umnyombo we-valve uzoba sesimweni esiphakathi ngaphansi kokuphonswa okulinganiselayo kweziphetho ezinhlangothini zombili. Ngalesi sikhathi, the on {- Isimo sendlela yegesi ku-solenoid valve sizonquma uhlobo lwayo olucacisiwe - Sizohlaziya izimiso nezimo zohlelo lokusebenza zalezi zinhlobo ezintathu ngamunye ngamunye.
I-1.analysis yezwe eliphakathi nendawo: lapho amakhoyili amabili anamandla, ingcindezi emagumbini angaphambili nangasemuva kwesilinda ayohlala embusweni ngemuva kokuthi amakhoyili anikezwe amandla futhi ngeke ashintshe. Ngasikhathi sinye, zombili iziphuzo zomoya kanye namachweba okuphelelwa amandla avaliwe. Kodwa-ke, ukugcina lesi simo isikhathi eside kungakubangela kancane kancane ukuze ulahlekelwe ukulinganisela ngenxa yokuvuza okuncane. Umdwebo we-Schematic ukhonjisiwe (Umdwebo 10).
Ngenxa yokuxinana kwegesi kanye neqiniso lokuthi izingxenye zemivunguzo ezifana namasilinda, ama-valve kanye namajoyithi wegesi wegesi angeke akwazi ukuvuza {{0 Lesi simo esilinganiselayo sizolahleka kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okuholela ekwehliseni ngokunemba kwesilinda. Kodwa-ke, ngalezo zimo zokusebenza lapho ukunemba kokuma kwesilinda kungabhekwa kakhulu futhi isikhathi sokumisa sifushane, isilinda esiphakathi -}} sisengacatshangelwa ukusetshenziswa.
2. Indlela ephakathi nendawo: Lapho amakhoyili amabili anamandla, akukho mfutho emakamelweni angaphambili nangemuva esilinda sesilinda, bese kuthi i-Air Intake Port ivaliwe ngasikhathi sinye. Ngalesi sikhathi, ingcindezi emakamelweni angaphambili nangemuva esilinda isilinda izokhishwa ngamathebu amachweba amabili e-solenoid valve. Isimiso saso sokusebenza singadluliselwa kuMfanekiso 11.
Qhathanisa ne-maphakathi - i-valve ebekwe uphawu, umdwebo ophakathi nendawo Ezimweni lapho isilinda sidinga ukuhambisa khona mpo, maphakathi - Isikhathi sokumisa isikhathi eside, kepha isidingo sokunemba sokuma asisiqili kakhulu, maphakathi - Ukukhishwa okukhethiwe okubalulekile.
3 Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuphuza komoya kuvulekile ngenkathi ukuqeda kuvaliwe. Umgomo osebenzayo ukhonjiswa kuMfanekiso 12.
Uma isilinda singafakwanga amandla umthwalo wangaphandle we-axial, i-piston izohlala isesimweni esilinganiselwe futhi ngaleyo ndlela ihlale kahle kunoma yisiphi isikhundla phakathi nesifo sohlangothi. Izici zalesi sifunda zidinga ukuthi isilinda kumele sifakwe ngokuvundlile. Ngakho-ke, ezimeni zokusebenza lapho kunesikhundla esiphakeme
